Vermont

Extracted from King et al. (2026), State of the States Policy Report: Physical Education and Physical Activity Policy in the United States and its Territories, Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 97(1), 20–74. DOI: 10.1080/07303084.2025.2579457.

Amount of Required Physical Education

Physical Education Class Size

Vermont sets general class-size standards (Grades K–3 average less than 20 students; Grades 4–12 average less than 25 students), and a teacher’s total class roll may not exceed 100 students, except where the program (e.g., physical education) is plainly adaptable to larger numbers while still meeting program goals (22-000-003 § 2121.2.2).

Physical Education Standards and Curriculum

The physical education program must be sequential, developmentally appropriate, and designed to develop student knowledge, skills, and confidence for lifelong physical fitness. It is included within the state’s education quality standards and must align with proficiency-based learning and graduation requirements (Vt. Code R. 22-000-003 § 2120.6; Vermont Stat. Tit. 16 § 136).

Substitutions and Waivers

No explicit language regarding physical education waivers or substitutions was found.

Physical Activity Policies

Students in Grades K–12 must have opportunities for at least 30 minutes of physical activity within or outside of the school day, which may include recess and movement within the curriculum but cannot replace physical education classes (Vt. Code R. 22-000-003 § 2120.6).

Fitness Assessments

Although no explicit fitness assessment requirements for students were found in the regulations, as part of the physical education curriculum, students must document and reflect upon their own personal fitness and develop a plan to achieve their fitness goals (Vt. Code R. 22-000-010-X 5440-08[5.3]; 22-000-003 § 2120.6[e]).

Facilities and Equipment

School facility rules prescribe minimum gym dimensions: 42′ × 74′ for middle school and 50′ × 84′ for high school; 3′ or more clear safety space; separate physical education equipment storeroom; and minimum 22′ ceiling height (22-000-014-X § 6139.7). Schools are required to provide a learning environment with sufficient supplies and infrastructure to allow for learning, (as determined by the Local Education Agency Vt. Code R. 22-000-003-X).

Online Physical Education Courses

No explicit language regarding online physical education courses was found in the regulations; however, online coursework is permitted and must be taught by an online teaching specialist (Vt. Code R. 22-000-010-X).

Teacher Certification

Physical education teachers must hold appropriate Vermont teaching licenses and endorsements for their assignments, in alignment with state professional educator standards (Vt. Code R. 22-000-003 § 2121.2).

Inclusion and Equity

Students with disabilities may receive modifications to their physical education requirements through an IEP or Section 504 plan, ensuring equitable access to physical education (Vermont Stat. Tit. 16 § 2942(2); Vt. Code R. 22-000-003 § 2120.8).

Funding and Administration

The Vermont Agency of Education is responsible for researching funding opportunities for wellness programs, but no specific state-level funding allocations for physical education programs were found (Vermont Stat. Tit. 16 § 136).

Local Wellness Policies

Schools may establish a wellness community advisory council that meets no less than twice a year to develop and implement wellness programs, but no statewide mandate for local wellness policies incorporating physical activity was found (Vermont Stat. Tit. 16 § 136[b]-[e]).

Teacher Evaluations

No specific criteria for evaluating physical education teachers were found in the regulations.

Key New Additions

Recent updates emphasize a requirement for at least 30 minutes of physical activity per day and reinforce the integration of physical education within the state’s proficiency-based learning system (Vt. Code R. 22-000-003 § 2120.6).

Enforcement and Accountability

Regulations assign responsibility for physical education and physical activity policy implementation to LEAs through curriculum requirements and district-level planning (including wellness programs and continuous improvement plans). Regulations include enforcement provisions such as mandated curriculum standards, required annual reporting of school and student performance, state review of district compliance, and technical assistance from the Vermont Agency of Education. If a school fails to meet the standards or make sufficient progress, the Secretary may recommend corrective actions to the State Board as outlined in state law, although no specific penalties for noncompliance are mentioned.

Contact Information

For more details, call the Vermont Agency of Education at (802) 828–1130, email aoe.edinfo@vermont.gov, or go to 1 National Life Drive, Montpelier, VT 05620.